Наука України: цифри, факти, проблеми

У статті розглянуто результати предметно-орієнтованого пошуку й аналізу інформації про стан української академічної науки, її головні проблеми, вирішення яких дозволить підвищити ефективність науково-технічної та інноваційної діяльності в країні. Для більшої наочності основні показники української науки наведено в динаміці на тлі аналогічних показників світової науки. Матеріал ґрунтується на власних розробках відділу економічних досліджень Інституту електрозварювання ім. Є.О. Патона НАН України, а також на публікаціях у вітчизняних і зарубіжних засобах масової інформації, Інтернеті та на офіційних документах (або їх проектах) за тематикою дослідження

NLT-modules volgen in een academische omgeving

Het onderwijzen van een NLT-module vereist gespecialiseerde achtergrondkennis. Menig VO-docent moet er eerst goed voor gaan zitten om een nieuwe module op school te geven. Het BètaPlus programma aan de JCU biedt een extra voorbereidingsmogelijkheid. VO-docenten worden betrokken in NLT-onderwijs dat door een vakspecialist in een academische omgeving wordt gegeven. De leerlingen kunnen zich oriënteren op vervolgstudies: ze maken kennis met universitaire werkwijzen en voorzieningen

Two major QTLs on chr. 2BL and 3BS influence grain yield in durum wheat across a broad range of water regimes

Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog

Evolution of costs of inflammatory bowel disease over two years of follow-up

Background: With the increasing use of anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a shift of costs has been observed with medication costs replacing hospitalization and surgery as major cost driver. We aimed to explore the evolution of IBD-related costs over two years of follow-up. Methods and Findings: In total 1,307 Crohn's disease (CD) patients and 915 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients were prospectively followed for two years by three-monthly web-based questionnaires. Changes of healthcare costs, productivity costs and out-of-pocket costs over time were assessed using mixed model analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify costs drivers. In total 737 CD patients and 566 UC were included. Total costs were stable over two years of follow-up, with annual total costs of € 7,835 in CD and € 3,600 in UC. However, within healthcare costs, the proportion of anti-TNF therapy-related costs increased from 64% to 72% in CD (p<0.01) and from 31% to 39% in UC (p < 0.01). In contrast, the proportion of hospitalization costs decreased from 19% to 13% in CD (p<0.01), and 22% to 15% in UC (p < 0.01). Penetrating disease course predicted an increase of healthcare costs (adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR) 1.95 (95% CI 1.02-3.37) in CD and age <40 years in UC (adj. OR 4.72 (95% CI 1.61-13.86)). Conclusions: BD-related costs remained stable over two years. However, the proportion of anti-TNFrelated healthcare costs increased, while hospitalization costs decreased. Factors associated with increased costs were penetrating disease course in CD and age <40 in UC

Evolution of Costs of Inflammatory Bowel Disease over Two Years of Follow-Up

BD-related costs remained stable over two years. However, the proportion of anti-TNF-related healthcare costs increased, while hospitalization costs decreased. Factors associated with increased costs were penetrating disease course in CD and age <40 in UC.Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog

Has the Rate of CD4 Cell Count Decline before Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Changed over the Course of the Dutch HIV Epidemic among MSM?

Introduction:Studies suggest that the HIV-1 epidemic in the Netherlands may have become more virulent, leading to faster disease progression if untreated. Analysis of CD4 cell count decline before antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, a surrogate marker for disease progression, may be hampered by informative censoring as ART initiation is more likely with a steeper CD4 cell count decline.Methods:Development of CD4 cell count from 9 to 48 months after seroconversion was analyzed using a mixed-effects model and 2 models that jointly modeled CD4 cell counts and time to censoring event (start ART

Non-AIDS defining cancers in the D:A:D Study-time trends and predictors of survival : a cohort study

BACKGROUND:Non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-positive individuals. Using data from a large international cohort of HIV-positive individuals, we described the incidence of NADC from 2004-2010, and described subsequent mortality and predictors of these.METHODS:Individuals were followed from 1st January 2004/enrolment in study, until the earliest of a new NADC, 1st February 2010, death or six months after the patient's last visit. Incidence rates were estimated for each year of follow-up, overall and stratified by gender, age and mode of HIV acquisition. Cumulative risk of mortality following NADC diagnosis was summarised using Kaplan-Meier methods, with follow-up for these analyses from the date of NADC diagnosis until the patient's death, 1st February 2010 or 6 months after the patient's last visit. Factors associated with mortality following NADC diagnosis were identified using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTS:Over 176,775 person-years (PY), 880 (2.1%) patients developed a new NADC (incidence: 4.98/1000PY [95% confidence interval 4.65, 5.31]). Over a third of these patients (327, 37.2%) had died by 1st February 2010. Time trends for lung cancer, anal cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma were broadly consistent. Kaplan-Meier cumulative mortality estimates at 1, 3 and 5 years after NADC diagnosis were 28.2% [95% CI 25.1-31.2], 42.0% [38.2-45.8] and 47.3% [42.4-52.2], respectively. Significant predictors of poorer survival after diagnosis of NADC were lung cancer (compared to other cancer types), male gender, non-white ethnicity, and smoking status. Later year of diagnosis and higher CD4 count at NADC diagnosis were associated with improved survival. The incidence of NADC remained stable over the period 2004-2010 in this large observational cohort.CONCLUSIONS:The prognosis after diagnosis of NADC, in particular lung cancer and disseminated cancer, is poor but has improved somewhat over time. Modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and low CD4 counts, were associated with mortality following a diagnosis of NADC

Naar samenhang in een nlt-curriculum

Een nIt-curriculum moet een grate inhoudelijke diversiteit hebben. Dat voIgt uit het examenpragramma: voor vwo zijn het domein 'vaardigheden' en zes van de acht inhoudelijke domeinen verplicht2. De nltmodules van het JCUlaten een grote verscheidenheid aan titels zien (zie tabel I). Toch ervaren de leerlingen het curriculum als een samenhangend geheel, met als grate lijnen orientatie op natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek en het werken aan academische vorming. lnmiddels is een aantal JCU-modules landelijk beschikbaar

Reflectie op het NiNaS project : met focus op het model 'educate the educators' zoals toegepast in het project Nieuwe Natuurkunde in Suriname

Het onderzoek heeft de vorm van een reflectie op het NiNaS project, ondersteund door de resultaten van observaties, en vragenlijsten. Het is uitgevoerd door één van de trainers die bij het project betrokken waren. Centraal in de reflectie staat het idee van educate the educators waarop het project gebaseerd was. Daarbinnen hebben we ons gericht op de leerprocessen van de betrokken Surinaamse nascholers/docenten en van de docenten uit het ‘veld’